The Sinai Peninsula is a triangular peninsula connecting Africa and Asia, with the Suez Bay and the Suez Canal to the west, the Aqaba Bay and the Negev Desert to the east, the Mediterranean Sea to the north, and the Red Sea to the south. The vast arid region on the peninsula is known as the Sinai Desert, separated from Egypt’s eastern desert by the Suez Bay and the canal, while extending continuously into the Negev Desert to the east without significant changes in terrain. The northern coastal plain is covered with sand dunes; the central part consists of deeply eroded sandstone and limestone plateau, gently sloping northward with an average elevation of 1000 meters, known as the Tih Plateau; the southern part is composed of ancient crystalline rock masses, mainly granite and metamorphic rocks, with high elevations, including Egypt’s highest peak Mount Catherine at 2637 meters. The climate is hot and dry, with sparse vegetation. The economy is mainly based on nomadic pastoralism, with the Bedouin people traditionally following water and grass, raising camels, goats, and sheep.